Dr Prashant Jain

Choledochal cysts are rare congenital abnormalities characterized by abnormal dilatation of the bile ducts, which transport bile from the liver to the intestine. Early diagnosis and timely surgical intervention are crucial, as untreated cases can lead to recurrent infections, pancreatitis, liver damage, and an increased lifetime risk of malignancy. At leading pediatric centers offering Choledochal Cyst in Children Treatment in Delhi , robotic-assisted surgery has emerged as a highly precise and minimally invasive solution, ensuring improved safety and faster recovery for young patients. Understanding Choledochal Cysts in Children: Children with choledochal cysts may present with symptoms such as: Persistent abdominal pain Jaundice (yellow discoloration of skin and eyes) Recurrent vomiting Fever due to biliary infections (cholangitis) In some cases, the condition may remain silent initially but can progress to serious hepatobiliary complications if left untreated. Why Robotic-Assisted S...

Hydronephrosis is a medical condition characterized by the swelling or dilation of one or both kidneys due to the accumulation of urine. This occurs when there is an obstruction in the urinary tract or a backward flow of urine, known as vesicoureteral reflux. Although relatively uncommon, hydronephrosis can affect individuals of all age groups, including infants and children. In many cases, it is detected during pregnancy through routine antenatal ultrasound screening. What is Hydronephrosis? In children, hydronephrosis develops when urine fails to drain efficiently from the kidney into the bladder. This results in increased pressure within the kidney, potentially leading to progressive kidney damage if left untreated. It is important to note that not all cases require immediate surgery; however, timely evaluation and monitoring are essential to preserve kidney function. Signs and Symptoms: The clinical presentation of hydronephrosis in children can vary depending on severity. Common ...

Hydronephrosis is a medical condition that many parents hear for the first time only after their child is diagnosed with it. Although it is not very common in the general population, hydronephrosis can affect children of all ages, including unborn babies. In fact, it is one of the most frequently detected abnormalities during antenatal ultrasound scans, making early evaluation extremely important. Hydronephrosis refers to the abnormal swelling of one or both kidneys due to improper drainage of urine. When urine cannot flow freely from the kidneys to the bladder or flows backward into the kidneys, pressure builds up, leading to kidney enlargement. If left untreated, this pressure can gradually damage kidney tissue and affect long-term kidney function. What Causes Hydronephrosis in Children? Hydronephrosis develops primarily due to two mechanisms: urinary obstruction or backward flow of urine (reflux). 1. Obstruction in the Urinary Tract: A blockage anywhere along the urinary system can...

Imperforate anus, also known as anorectal malformation in India (ARM) , is a congenital birth defect that occurs when the anus and rectum do not develop normally during early pregnancy. In this condition, the baby’s anal opening — the passage through which stool exits the body — may be missing, blocked, or located in an abnormal position. As a result, the child is unable to pass stool normally, which can lead to bowel obstruction and other complications if not treated promptly. Anorectal malformations occur in approximately 1 in 5,000 newborns and are slightly more common in boys than in girls. These defects develop in the first few weeks of fetal growth when the digestive and urinary systems are forming. Types of Anorectal Malformations: In babies with anorectal malformation, several structural abnormalities may be present, including: Abnormally placed or narrow anal opening: The anus may be very small or located in the wrong position. Absent anal opening with abnormal rectal connec...

Hirschsprung’s disease is a congenital condition that primarily affects the large intestine (colon) and interferes with the normal movement of stool through the bowel. This disorder occurs due to the absence of specialized nerve cells, known as ganglion cells, in a segment of the intestine. These nerve cells play a crucial role in coordinating the muscular contractions (peristalsis) that push food and waste through the digestive tract and ultimately out of the body. During fetal development, nerve cells normally form along the entire length of the intestines, beginning near the mouth and extending down to the anus. In children with Hirschsprung’s disease, this process stops prematurely, leaving a portion of the intestine without nerve supply. As a result, that segment cannot relax and move stool forward, leading to partial or complete intestinal blockage. Over time, the normal intestine above the affected area becomes dilated, causing symptoms such as constipation, abdominal swelling,...

Hypospadias is a congenital condition seen in baby boys where the opening of the urethra is not located at the tip of the penis but along its underside. This condition develops during fetal growth between 8–14 weeks of pregnancy. The severity can vary, with the opening positioned near the tip (distal) or closer to the scrotum (proximal). In many cases, surgery is required to correct the position of the opening and to straighten the penis if needed. Types of Hypospadia s: The Classification Depends on the Position of the Urethral Opening: Subcoronal: Near the head of the penis Midshaft: Along the penile shaft Penoscrotal: At the junction of the penis and scrotum These variations often determine the complexity of the surgery and post-operative care. Common Features of Hypospadias: Apart from the Misplaced Urethral Opening, Children with Hypospadias May Have: A Hooded Foreskin Penile Curvature (chordee) Abnormal Urine Stream Direction In severe cases, this m...